Magnetic Surface Levels in a Tipped Magnetic Field

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Abstract
The wave functions and spectrum for metallic electrons skipping along a surface in a magnetic field are calculated for general orientation of field and surface relative to the crystal axes of the material. Unlike the case in which the field is parallel to the surface, the energy levels form a continuum rather than a discrete set of bound magnetic surface levels. Nevertheless, except for rather extreme tip angles, no broadening or change of shape of the observed signals should be observed. In general there will be a rescaling of the field variable which can be used to measure Fermi-surface quantities inaccessible by other techniques. The analysis of the data is somewhat more complex than in the parallel-field case, however.