1,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3‐Differentiated Human Promyelocytic Leukaemia Cells (HL‐60) Can Kill Antibody‐Coated Tumour Cells (K562)

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Abstract
The active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), was tested for the ability to differentiate promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) and histocytic lymphoma cells (U937) into cytotoxic effector cells against K562 leukemia cells. A concentration of 10-6 M 1,25(OH)2D3 differentiated HL-60 cells into substrate-adherent monocyte-like cells with cytolytic activity against antibody-coated K562 cells. These differentiated HL-60 cells were not able to lyse uncoated K562 cells in an 18 h Cr-release assay. Similar treatment of the U937 cells with 1,25(OH)2D3 did not make them cytolytic towards K562 cells. Apparently 1,25(OH)2D3 can differentiate HL-60 cells to mature monocytes with cytolytic activity against antibody-coated leukemia cells.