Isolation of fungal endophytes from black spruce (Picea mariana) dormant buds and needles from New Brunswick, Canada

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Abstract
Endophytic fungi were isolated from black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) dormant buds and needles of four age-classes. Only one isolate was obtained from 400 buds. A total of 914 isolates were obtained from the needles. With increasing needle age the rate of colonization increased between current-year and 3-year-old needles from 4 to 90%, respectively. The needle segment attached to the twig was colonized more often (p < 0.05) than other segments overall and for 6 of the 11 taxa isolated. The first endophyte from current-year needles was isolated on July 14, 1988, but endophytes were obtained from needles of the other age-classes (1, 2, and 3 years) on all sampling dates between June 10 and September 16, 1988. Key words: endophyte, Picea mariana, dormand buds, needles.

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