AVENA DAMASCENA: A NEW DIPLOID OAT SPECIES

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Abstract
A new diploid species of oat from Syria, named Avena damascena Rajhathy et Baum, is described. It has some macro- and micromorphological similarities to A. wiestii and A. prostrata, both diploids, and to tetraploid A. barbata. It differs from one or the other of them in its lemma tips, lodicules, epiblast and in the unique structure of the cuticle on the glumes. Avena damascena has a distinct symmetrical karyotype, designated Ad. The karyotype of A. prostrata is designated Ap. Avena damascena is isolated from A. prostrata by hybrid sterility and from the other diploids by cross-incompatibility. Avena damascena and A. prostrata are considered relicts of a common population because they retain a high degree of genome homology. Their chromosomes differ by two interdependent interchange complexes which led to a pollen sterility. Genome relationships in the A genome group of diploids are briefly discussed in terms of meiotic pairing patterns and karyotypes.

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