Structural observations on the alimentary canal of Paranthessius anemoniae, a copepod associate of the snakelocks anemone Ammonia sulcata

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Abstract
Light and electron microscopy has shown the alimentary canal of Paranthessius to be composed of clearly defined foregut, midgut and hindgut regions. The spacious foregut is cuticle‐lined and separated from the midgut by a valve. The midgut epithelium is composed of columnar cells with an apparent secretary/absorptive rôle, and amoeboid cells thought to engulf material from the lumen. The amoeboid cells have large electron‐dense central vacuoles containing carbohydrate‐and protein‐staining material. These cells appear to be sloughed off into the lumen to form part of a faecal pellet. Apart from their digestive rôle the midgut cells store lipid and it is considered possible that they have an osmoregulatory function. The hindgut epithelium cell type, lacks a cuticular layer and is thought to be mainly concerned with absorption. The alimentary canal is surrounded by strands of longitudinal and circular muscle.