Cyclosporin A is associated with faster engraftment and less mucositis than methotrexate after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

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Abstract
Summary. Thirty‐eight patients with severe aplastic anaemia or acute leukaemia received HLA‐identical sibling marrow transplants. Seventeen were treated with methotrexate and 21 with cyclosporin A (CyA) to minimize graft‐versus‐host disease post transplant. Marrow engraftment was more rapid and oropharyngeal mucositis less severe in those receiving CyA. This resulted in a shorter period of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, fewer platelet and granulocyte transfusions and less fever. These benefits have to be weighed against the increased nephrotoxicity of CyA.