Abstract
Controlled thermonuclear fusion has the potential to provide an unlimited and non-polluting source of energy. They undoubted importance of this goal continues to drive major research programmes using a variety of approaches, even if the brief publicity given to cold fusion may have distracted attention from the high-temperature fusion route. Most progress has been made in magnetic fusion energy (MFE) and the leading project is the Joint European Torus (JET) sited at Culham in the UK. Here the thermonuclear reaction occurs slowly in a huge toroidal vessel containing hot plasma trapped at extremely low density by a magnetic field. Inertially confined fusion energy (IFE) is a radically different approach. Here fusion fuel reacts explosively at extremely high density in a tiny pellet. Lasers or intense ion beams are used to compress and heat the fuel in IFE.

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