Metabolism of erucic acid in perfused rat liver: Increased chain shortening after feeding partially hydrogenated marine oil and rapeseed oil

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Abstract
The metabolism of [14‐14C] erucic acid was studied in perfused livers from rats fed on diets containing partially hydrogenated marine oil or rapeseed oil for three days or three weeks. Control rats were given groundnut oil. Chain‐shortening of erucic acid, mainly to 18∶1, was found in all dietary groups. In the marine oil and rapeseed oil groups, the percentage of chain‐shortened fatty acids in very low density lipoproteins‐triacylglycerols (VLDL‐TG) exported from the liver increased after prolonged feeding. A similar increase was found in liver TG only with partially hydrogenated marine oil. This oil, rich intrans fatty acids, thus seemed to be more effective in promoting chain‐shortening. The fatty acid composition of the secreted and stored TG differed both with respect to total fatty acids and radioactively labeled fatty acids, indicating that at least 2 different pools of TG exist in the liver. The lack of lipidosis in livers from rats fed dietary oils rich in 22∶1 fatty acids is discussed in relation to these findings. In conclusion, a discussion is presented expressing the view that the reversal of the acute lipidosis in the hearts of rats fed rapeseed oil or partially hydrogenated marine oils is, to a large extent, derived from the increased chain‐shortening capacity of erucic acid in liver.