BLACK CHAFF, A COMPOSITE DISEASE

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Abstract
A study was made of the etiology of wheat discolorations that resembled bacterial black chaff. Three distinct types were found. One of these was caused by Phyt. translucens f.sp. undulosum, the bacterial black chaff organism; another yielded Alternaria consistently on isolation; and a third, internodal melanism, appeared to be physiological in origin. Phytomonas alrofaciens was occasionally present in bacterial black chaff lesions.Seed and seedling inoculation methods, unaccompanied by wounding, proved unsatisfactory for testing the pathogenicity of bacterial isolates derived from lesioned wheat plants, but inoculation accompanied by wounding of the young primary leaf, still enclosed in the coleoptile, proved to be a quick and effective method. Soil inoculation methods were ineffective. A method, involving a minimum of mechanical injury to the tissues, was developed for flooding the mesophyll of wheat leaves with a bacterial suspension.

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