Use of the colonic carcinoma cell line CaCo‐2 for in vivo amplification and detection of enteric viruses

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Abstract
The use of the continuous cell line CaCo‐2 as an in vivo amplification system for the detection of fastidious human enteric viruses is reported. CaCo‐2 cells showed an increased sensitivity to laboratory strains of group A rotavirus 3, reovi‐rus3, astrovirus 1, poliovirus 1, coxsackievirus A 24, enterovirus 70, and adenovirus 5, 40 and 41, when compared to a routine host cell line for each virus. Nucleic acids from wild‐type infectious rotavirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus 40 in stool samples of patients with acute gastroenteritis could be amplified after infection of CaCo‐2 cells with trypsin‐pretreated virus inoc‐ula. Virus diagnosis was carried out subsequently by dot‐blot hybridisation with specific cDNA probes. An amplification factor between 10 and 1,000x was obtained by infection of CaCo‐2 cells, thus enabling specific detection of low numbers of a wide range of enteric viruses, and the differentiation between infectious and noninfectious particles.

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