Absorbed Gamma Dose Rate for Immersion in a Semi-infinite Radioactive Cloud

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Abstract
A method is presented by which it is possible to obtain estimates of dose rate in the body as a function of depth for a person at the air-ground interface of a semi-infinite half space of air which is uniformly contaminated with a radioactive photon emitter. The method involves calculating the photon flux density as a function of energy in an infinite air medium and using the computed spectrum as a source incident upon the reference man phantom. Interactions of the photons in the body are followed by Monte Carlo techniques and resulting dose rates determined at 12 initial photon energies ranging from 0.01 to 4.0 MeV. Dose rates at other initial photon energies may be obtained by interpolation. Perturbations of the surface dose rate from one-half the equilibrium value far inside the cloud due to the change in density and composition at the air-ground interface are shown to be small. Perturbations in the dose rate due to the presence of the phantom are considered in detail.

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