Organization, promoter analysis and transcriptional regulation of the Staphylococcus xylosus xylose utilization operon

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Abstract
The Staphylococcus xylosus xyl genes were cloned in Staphylococcus carnosus by complementation to xylose utilization. Xylose isomerase assays under inducing (xylose present) and non-inducing (xylose absent) conditions indicated the presence of a regulated xylA gene on the recombinant plasmid. The nucleotide sequence (4520 bases) revealed three open reading frames with the same polarity. They were identified by sequence homologies as xylR, encoding the Xyl repressor, xylA, encoding xylose isomerase and xylB, encoding xylulokinase. Primer extension analyses indicated constitutive transcription of xylR and xylose-inducible transcription of xylA. Promoter consensus sequences were found upstream of both transcriptional start sites. A transcriptional terminator between xylR and xylA separates the different transcriptional units. Potential regulatory elements were identified by sequence analysis and suggest a repressor-operator mechanism for the regulation of xylAB expression.