Replication Cycle of Newcastle Disease Virus in Three Host Cells of Different Permissiveness

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Abstract
Various degrees of permissiveness for NDV were described in different cell lines. In the present work 3 systems were investigated: [Madin darby] bovine kidney (MDBK) cells, chick embryo (CE) cells and mouse [fibroblast] L cells producing 50-100 p.f.u. units], 2-10 p.f.u. and less than 0.1 p.f. u./cell, respectively. Analysis of the radioactive virus mRNA (vmRNA) accumulating in actinomycin D-treated cells throughout the infection cycle revealed that, except for the absence of 1 8S vmRNA species in L cells, all vmRNA components were formed in the 3 cell types, although variations occurred in their total and relative amounts from 1 cell type to another. Kinetic studies of vmRNA synthesis confirmed the absence of 1 8S vmRNA species in L cells and also showed that the labeling rate of this vmRNA component is higher in CE cells. Virus proteins synthesized in the infected cells were labeled with 14C-amino acids and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All the major NDV polypeptides were formed as expected in both CE and MDBK cells but only traces were detected in L cells. In contrast in a cell-free translation system from wheat germ, all of the NDV major proteins were synthesized using RNA extracted from the 3 infected cell types. The total radioactivity incorporated into NDV proteins was twice as great with CE cell RNA and 5 times as great with L cell RNA than with equivalent quantities of RNA from MDBK cells.

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