Pulsed gradient spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of hydrodynamic instabilities with coherent structure: Taylor vortices

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Abstract
Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is applied to the characterization of hydrodynamic instabilities. It is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that for Taylor vortex flow in a Couette cell the PGSE NMR data is coherently modulated in an interference pattern dependent upon the vortex size, or wavelength, and velocity intensity. Spatially resolved NMR velocity images of all three velocity components for water in supercritical Taylor number flow and NMR velocity image data of the axial disturbance velocity for pentane at three supercritical values of the Taylor number are presented. For the short column used the NMR velocity data clearly show axial asymmetry with maximum velocities and the center (eye) of the vortex drawn toward the radial outflow boundary.