Effect of Particle Size on the Tissue Distribution of Iodized Emulsified Fat Following Intravenous Administration

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Abstract
Three iodinated fat emulsions were tested by intravenous injection to rats: coarse with a mean size of particles of 7 μm, fine with a mean size of 1.3 μm, and ultrafine with a mean size of 0.7 μm. Iodine content analysis and scintigraphy of radioactive iodinated emulsions show important differences. Coarse emulsion is almost entirely fixed in the liver and the lungs; fine emulsion has a higher relative liver fixation; and ultrafine emulsion has a hepatosplenic fixation of short duration. Degradation of contrast medium is slow with coarse emulsion and very fast with ultrafine emulsion which is responsible for the rising iodine concentration in blood. Fine emulsion is a good compromise between excessive pulmonary fixation of coarse emulsion and high iodine peak in the blood after injections of ultrafine emulsion. The dose of 0.2 ml/kg of fine emulsion gives persistent enhancement of hepatic parenchyma without significant toxicity.