Localization of Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract: a Possible Explanation of Intestinal Spirochaetosis

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Abstract
The large intestine of rats and dogs was examined by light and electron microscopy. In both species localization of bacteria in specific areas of the tissue was observed. Fusiform bacteria mixed with spirochaetes were seen at the opening of the crypts into the large bowel. However, at the base of the crypts homogeneous populations of spiral organisms were found; some crypts contained Borrelia-type spirochaetes, whereas others contained spiral bacteria with other morphology. Very few spiral bacteria, including those of the spirillum type, were seen in the lumen of the large intestine. Experiments in rats showed that mucosa-associated spiral organisms appeared in large numbers in the stools when diarrhea was induced with magnesium sulfate. These observations were taken as a basis for explaining intestinal spirochaetosis of dogs and other animals, a syndrome which has been frequently described and which, until now, has been considered to reflect pathogenicity of these organisms.