On the Role of Tryptophan in Luteinizing‐Hormone‐Releasing Hormone (Luliberin)

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Abstract
The tryptophan residue of luteinizing‐hormone‐releasing hormone (luliberin) was chemically modified to produce the following analogs: [Trp(o)3]luliberin, Trp‐(2,4‐dinitrophenylsulfenyl)‐luliberin, Trp‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐nitrobenzyl)luliberin, (Trp‐S‐luliberin)2, Trp‐CH3S‐luliberin and Trp‐formyl‐luliberin. The luteinizing‐hormone‐releasing activity of these analogs was determined by bioassay in vitro and found to be 0.2%, 0.2%, 0.6%, 1.5%, 1.7% and 7% of that of the natural hormone, respectively. These results demonstrate that alterations in the indole moiety of tryptophan‐3, which lead to a reduction in its electron density or sterically restrict its electron availability, are associated with a dramatic loss of biological activity.