Long-Term Variability of the Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus of M81

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Abstract
Long-term X-ray variability of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus of M81 was studied, using 16 ASCA observations spanning 5.5 years. The object exhibits a factor three variation over the 5.5 years. The source intensity was relatively constant within each observation which lasted typically for one day, but intra-day variability by 30% was detected on the 15th observation. The power-spectral density (PSD) was estimated in ``forward'' manner, over a frequency range of 10^(-8.2)--10^(-4.3) Hz (period range of 1/4 day-5.5 years), by utilizing structure function and extensive Monte-Carlo simulations in order to overcome the very sparse and uneven data samplings. When the PSD is assumed to be white below a "break frequency" f_b and falls off as proptional to f^(-alpha) above f_b, where "f" is frequency and alpha is a positive parameter, the M81 light curve is well described with 1/f_b > 800 days and alpha = 1.4 +- 0.2.

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