Steric hindrance in macromolecular solutions

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Abstract
The same point in the space cannot be occupied simultaneously by two molecules. In a solution of rigid rodlike macromolecules, each molecule prevents its neighbors from occupying certain positions, the whole of which form the forbidden angle. Calculation shows that in the case of rigid, filiform molecules, this angle is large even at very low concentrations. Isotropy is not possible at moderate concentrations. The consideration of the forbidden angle is necessary in the study of viscosity, osmotic pressure, flow birefringence, sedimentation, and molecular light scattering. In the solid state, the substance can be put under great tension, and the return to the normal state is extremely slow. This tension accounts for the abnormal solubility of disordered high polymers.

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