Avoidance of Host Defences by Treponema pallidum in Situ and on Extraction from Infected Rabbit Testes

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Abstract
EM observations of acutely infected rabbit testes showed that the majority of T. pallidum were extracellular and confined to interstitial regions of the tissue. Organisms were often adjacent to small blood vessels, where they should be freely accessible to non-specific humoral and cellular defense mechanisms. There was no accumulation of leukocytes in blood vessels or infiltration of inflammatory cells into infected areas. Inoculation of live treponemes into perforated plastic chambers which had been implanted s.c. into rabbits or guinea pigs did not incite significant infiltration into the chamber fluid of inflammatory cells, in contrast to that seen after inoculation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Interaction of antibody from infected rabbits with live treponemes freshly extracted from rabbit testes could not be detected by an indirect fluorescent antibody method. These observations suggest that T. pallidum escapes recognition by host defenses.