Nanochannel Glass Replica Membranes

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Abstract
The preparation of thin metallic membranes containing uniform, patterned voids with diameters as small as 40 nanometers and packing densities greater than 3 × 109 voids per square centimeter is described. These membranes, made of platinum, gold, tungsten, and molybdenum, have been fabricated by thin-film deposition with nanochannel glass wafers as substrates. The membranes are well suited for use as masks in substrate patterning applications such as ion implantation, reactive ion etching, and materials deposition. Results are presented on their use in the parallel patterning of silicon by direct materials deposition with features in the 100-nanometer size regime.