Free Radical-Mediated Effects in Reperfusion Injury: A Histologic Study with Superoxide Dismutase and EGB 761 in Rat Retina

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Abstract
In Sprague-Dawley rats, retinal ischemia was induced by occlusion of the central retinal artery, while reperfusion was initiated by unclamping and removing the occluder. Ninety minutes of regional ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion resulted in a development of retinal edema in the inner plexiform layer and a migration of neturophils into the retinal tissue. Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as inducers of cell damage in different tissues. This finding has led us to speculate that, if oxygen free radicals play an important role in the development of reperfusion injury, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and EGB 761 (Tanakan, extract of Ginkgobiloba, IPSEN) should be protective against reperfusion-induced injury. Under our experimental conditions, SOD dose-dependently reduced the development of edema formation (which was expressed in micrometers, measuring the thickness of the inner plexiform layer). Thus, 3,750, 7,500 and 15,000 U/kgof SOD reduced the reperfusion-induced edema formation from its drug-free ischemic value of 112 ± 4 to 107 ± 7, 91 ± 6 (p

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