Hydrophilic Photosystem II Inhibitors: Cyanoacrylate Thiolate Salts

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Abstract
Cyanoacrylate thiolate salts such as the sodium salt of ethoxyethyl-3-p-chlorobenzylthio-2-cyano-3-mercapto acrylate have been shown to be relatively slow binding, potent inhibitors of photosynthetic electron transport, that are equally active against thylakoids isolated from atrazine-susceptible and atrazine-resistant Brassica napus seedlings. It has been suggested that their mode of binding involves the substituted benzyl group interacting with the membrane lipids and the thiolate ion interacting in the region of the histidine215 residue of the D1 peptide, close to the non-heme Fe centre. This, together with their slow rate of binding, has led to the thiolate salts being classified as phenol type inhibitors.

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