Comparison of Toxic Actions of Chlordan, DDT, and Gamma-Benzene Hexachloride to the Southern Armyworm1

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Abstract
The fumigation, contact and stomach actions of chlordan, DDT and gamma-benzene hexachloride were tested on larvae of the southern armyworm, Prodenia eridania. It was found that chlordan is strongest in fumigation action at saturated vapor; DDT is most effective as a contact insecticide; gamma-benzene hexachloride is most toxic as a stomach poison; and nicotine and lead arsenate are much less toxic than these chlorinated hydrocarbons when used as contact and stomach insecticides, respectively. A special duster was designed for applying sticky dusts with only a few per cent of toxicant. By discharging dusts from the top of a settling tower and by collecting dusts without a preliminary settling period, the deposit would contain a concn. of insecticide more close to that in the original dust mixture. A method of obtaining an accurate deposit of pure sticky solid or thick liquid insecticides, such as DDT and chlordan, for a sandwich method was obtained by spraying upward a proper concn. of insecticide in acetone soln. into a settling tower, as generally used for settling mist sprays. Instead of depositing as a soln., the insecticide after the evaporation of acetone was deposited directly on leaves as pure material.

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