Multilocus sequence analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis indicates frequent recombination

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Abstract
In this study, the genetic relationship of 19Porphyromonas gingivalisisolates from patients with periodontitis was investigated by multilocus sequence analysis. Internal 400–600 bp DNA fragments of the 10 chromosomal genesef-tu,ftsQ,hagB, gpdxJ,pepO,mcmA,dnaK,recA,pgaandnahwere amplified by PCR and sequenced. No two isolates were identical at all 10 loci. Phylogenetic analyses indicated a panmictic population structure ofP. gingivalis. Split decomposition analysis, calculation of homoplasy ratios and analyses of clustered polymorphisms all indicate that recombination plays a major role in creating the genetic heterogeneity ofP. gingivalis. A standardized index of association of 0·0898 indicates that theP. gingivalisgenes analysed are close to linkage equilibrium.