Current Status of Virulence Genes and Pathogenic Races of the Wheat Bunt Fungi in the Northwestern USA

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Abstract
The classification of pathogenic races of the wheat bunt fungi is expanded to accommodate additional virulence genes and new combinations of virulence genes. Based on differential reactions conditioned by 10 bunt resistance genes, 7 new pathogenic races, each of Tilletia caries and of T. controversa, were identified from field collections, artificially-produced hybrids or teliospore reselections. The current race classification, comprising the 3 bunt pathogens on wheat, includes 39 distinct pathogenic types, combining up to 8 genes for virulence. Prevalence of races of the dwarf bunt fungus having virulence genes effective against the combined ''Martin'', ''Turkey'' and ''Ridit'' resistance and against 2 of the bunt resistance genes from P.I. 178383 indicates the need for a braoder genetic base of bunt resistance in wheat for the NW USA.

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