Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation
- 1 May 2002
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Nicotine & Tobacco Research
- Vol. 4 (2) , 195-200
- https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200210124463
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of two herbal components (BACCOFF™ and DIPSTOP™) of a commercially available smokeless tobacco treatment program for reducing subjective withdrawal symptoms during deprivation. One component, BACCOFF™, is a non-nicotinic chew. The second component, DIPSTOP™, is a liquid containing the alkaloid lobeline, which to some extent mimics peripheral nicotinic effects. All participants (N = 22 males) were placed in four conditions: BACCOFF™ + DIPSTOP™, BACCOFF™ + placebo control, DIPSTOP™ only, and placebo control only. The conditions involved 48 h of deprivation, and subjects were exposed to one condition per week for 4 weeks. Withdrawal measures were taken at baseline, 24 h, and 48 h of deprivation. Individuals were randomly assigned, and conditions were counterbalanced. Results showed that BACCOFF™, as compared with DIPSTOP™, significantly reduced withdrawal symptoms but not craving. These data suggest that behavioral/sensory substitutes' influence on withdrawal might be routed through the product's ability to approximate the preferred moist snuff.Keywords
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