Muscle Regeneration and Myogenic Differentiation Defects in Mice Lacking TIS7

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Abstract
The tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-induced sequence 7 gene (tis7) is regulated during cell fate processes and functions as a transcriptional coregulator. Here, we describe the generation and analysis of mice lacking the tis7 gene. Surprisingly, TIS7 knockout mice show no gross histological abnormalities and are fertile. Disruption of the tis7 gene by homologous recombination delayed muscle regeneration and altered the isometric contractile properties of skeletal muscles after muscle crush damage in TIS7−/− mice. Cultured primary myogenic satellite cells (MSCs) from TIS7−/− mice displayed marked reductions in differentiation potential and fusion index in a strictly cell-autonomous fashion. Loss of TIS7 caused the down-regulation of muscle-specific genes, such as those for MyoD, myogenin, and laminin-α2. Fusion potential in TIS7−/− MSCs could be rescued by TIS7 expression or laminin supplementation. Therefore, TIS7 is not essential for mouse development but plays a novel regulatory role during adult muscle regeneration.