Abstract
Extract Infestation with Fasciola hepatica is an important cause of disease and economic loss in domestic animals in many parts of the world. Among the effects attributed to fluke infestation are loss of condition, reduced meat and milk production, reduced fertility, and rendering of livers unsuitable for human consumption. Severe infestation may cause death either directly or indirectly by initiating or aggravating bacterial infection, as in the case of black disease.