Transformation of Pseudomonas fluorescens with genes for biosynthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid improves biocontrol of rhizoctonia root rot and in situ antibiotic production

Abstract
A seven-gene operon for the synthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid was introduced into Pseudomonas fluorescens Q8r1–96, an aggressive root colonizer that produces 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and consistently suppresses take-all of wheat. The recombinant strains produced both antifungal metabolites and maintained population sizes comparable to those of Q8r1–96 over a seven-week period in the rhizosphere of wheat. The strains were no more suppressive of take-all or Pythium root rot than was Q8r1–96, but suppressed Rhizoctonia root rot at a dose of only 102 CFU per seed, one to two orders of magnitude lower than the dose of Q8r1–96 required for comparable disease control.

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