Eicosanoid Regulation of Angiogenesis in Human Prostate Carcinoma and Its Therapeutic Implications

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Abstract
Cancer of the prostate is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in America. There are several lines of evidence implicating the involvement of arachidonate 12‐lipoxygenase, an enzyme metabolizing arachidonic acid to form 12(S)‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), in prostate cancer progression. First, as prostate cancer reaches a more advanced stage, the level of 12‐lipoxygenase expression is increased. Second, overexpression of 12‐lipoxygenase in human prostate cancer cells stimulates angiogenesis and tumor growth. Third, an inhibitor of 12‐lipoxygenase has been found effective against metastatic prostate tumor growth, and the inhibition of 12‐lipoxygenase is related with the reduction of tumor angiogenesis. Collectively, these studies suggest that 12‐lipoxygenase regulates tumor angiogenesis in prostate cancer and that inhibition of 12‐lipoxygenase is a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of prostate cancers.