Chance outcomes and the just world: A comparison of observers and recipients.

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Abstract
In an experiment with 101 female undergraduates, Os' and recipients' reactions to the recipients' receipt of chance outcomes were compared. Consistent with a belief in a just world, Os rated rewarded recipients' performances as superior to those of nonrewarded recipients. They also rated some personal characteristics of rewarded recipients more positively than those of nonrewarded recipients. Recipients' ratings of their own performances were influenced by the outcomes in the same manner as were Os' ratings, and none of the expected differences in attributions of the outcomes were found. Ss who attributed the outcome to performance (approximately 20% of the Ss) rated the performances and personal characteristics of rewarded recipients much more favorably than those of nonrewarded recipients. In contrast, the ratings of Ss who attributed the outcome to chance or to some other source did not differ between rewarded and nonrewarded recipients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

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