One of the most frequent complications encountered in non-specific respiratory pathology of recent years is overinfection by Candida albicans. An important contributive factor is the recent massive anti-biotherapy, above all with tetracyclines, favouring this overinfection. Since at present the treatment of bronchopulmonary processes is difficult owing to the lack of an effective oral or parenteral therapy, a study was carried out of 33 patients treated with nystatin and amphotericin B in aerosol form, with 3-4 sessions of treatment per day, during a minimum of 10 days. At each session either 50,000 U of nystatin or 5 mg of amphotericin B were administered. The results obtained showed that after treatment, C. albicans was no longer present in the sputum of 84% of cases treated. In view of these results it is considered that – at present – the two most suitable substances for the treatment of pulmonary candidiases are nystatin and amphotericin B in aerosol form.