Abstract
The most recent statistics on the aging of industrialized countries are presented and the economic implications of rising proportions of aged persons in the population are analyzed. Three crucial variables are discussed—the demographic structure, pension benefit levels, and the age of retirement. It is argued that there is need for more research on the trends of the crucial variables, a greater realization of the limits of economic growth in providing retirement income, the development of more flexible retirement age policies, and a greater awareness of intra- and intergenerational equity considerations arising out of developing pension systems.

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