Therapeutic Evaluation of Oxantel Pamoate (1,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-1-Methyl-2-[Trans-3-Hydroxystyryl] Pyrimidine Pamoate) in Severe Trichuris trichiura Infection

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Abstract
The efficacy of oxantel pamoate (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-[trans-3-hydroxystyryl]-1-methyl pyrimidine pamoate) was evaluated in 25 children with severe Trichuris infection. The presence of chronic dysentery and sigmoidoscopic demonstration of whipworms in the intestinal mucosa were the criteria for inclusion in the trial. Most of these patients had severe anemia, rectal prolapse, digital clubbing, hypoproteinemia, and growth retardation. There was a high incidence of concomitant parasitism with other intestinal helminths and with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Sigmoidoscopic grading of Trichuris load and egg count in the feces were carried out prior to treatment and 2 days after each course of oxantel therapy. Oxantel was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight twice daily for a 3-day course. Satisfactory response, as judged by relief of dysentery and absence of whipworms from the mucosa at sigmoidoscopy, was achieved in 17 patients after the first course and in the remaining 8 patients after a second course of oxantel. The drug was well tolerated and no side effects were noted during or after treatment. It is concluded that oxantel is a safe and effective anthelmintic for severe clinical trichuriasis.

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