PCR-based analysis of the intergenic spacers of the Nor loci on the A genomes of Triticum diploids and polyploids

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Abstract
We present DNA sequence data showing population variation in the intergenic spacer (IGS) regions of the ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs) on the A genomes of 27 diploid and polyploid wheats. PCRs (polymerase chain reactions) specific for the Am genome gave products with five populations of Triticum monococcum but did not give products with AABB or AABBDD wheats. PCRs specific to the Au genome of T. urartu gave products with all the AABB and AABBDD polyploids that were tested, but not with T. monococcum. AAGG tetraploids gave products only with the Au-specific primers, but the AAAAGG hexaploid T. zhukovskyi gave products with both the Au and Am primers. Phylogenetic analysis showed a substantial degree of IGS divergence for both the Am and Au genomes in diploids and polyploids compared with other genomes of Triticum and Aegilops. The rate of evolution of the IGS is much greater than previously reported for the internal transcribed region of the rDNAs but the view that the IGS only gives random noise is rejected, the IGS sequences presented here reflecting the general evolutionary trends affecting the wheat genome as a whole.Key words: wheat, ribosomal DNA, intergenic spacer, polymerase chain reaction.

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