STUDIES OF SOME HINDERED 2,2′-BITHIENYLS AND 3,3′-BRIDGED 2,2′-BITHIENYLS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THEIR UV SPECTRA AND OXIDATION POTENTIALS

Abstract
Some hindered bithienyl derivatives have been synthesized by cross-coupling reaction of Grignard reagents using NiCl2(dppp)(dppp = Ph2PCH2CH2CH2PPh2) or by reductive dimerization in the presence of Zn/NiCl2(PPh3)2. Their UV spectra and oxidation potentials are discussed in terms of their coplanarity and of the inductive effect of the substituent.