Die gewellte Struktur des Antigorits, I

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Abstract
Minerals of the serpentine family are essentially divisible into two groups: chrysotile and antigorite types (the latter includes antigoritieal serpentines). Throughout, they are two-layer minerals. Their layers are formed by combining of a Si 2 O 5 layer and a brucite [ Mg ( OH ) 2 ]-like layer. The chemical formula of chrysotile, Mg 3 ( OH 4 ) Si 2 O 5 , is not valid for antigorite, the reason is a so-called “coincidence” deficiency of electroneutral atom groups. This deficiency is repeated along the crystallographical a axis with exactly defined (superperiod) distance. In the resulting superstructure of antigorite (which is a so-called “double half-wave” structure), we find two “half-waves” alternately connected by means of Mg -bridges. In contrast to the monoclinic chrysotile, here we find a larger interaction in the form of hydrogen bonds between two layers along the direction of the layer period c .

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