Air and Soil Temperature Effects on Growth Response of Peas to Phosphorus Fertilization1

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Abstract
The effects of 4 air and soil temperature regimes on plant growth and pea yield responses to applied P were investigated in controlled environments. The plants were grown in a low-P (4 ppm) Monroe silt loam, and harvested at 4 predefined stages of plant development. At the 6th node stage applied P increased vine (leaf and stem) weight only at the 21°/13°/18°C day/night/soil temperature regime. At the 10th node and full bloom stages P increased vine weight at all temperature regimes. Increases due to P were greater at the high soil temperature of 18° than at 10°. The increase due to P at the high soil temperature was greater at the cool air temperature of 21°/13° than at 30°/21°. At estimated marketable maturity of peas, P increased the dry weights of the root, vine, pod and pea seed at all temperature regimes, but the magnitude of such increases depended on the tissue and the temperature regime. Efficiency of P in promoting pea yield was greater at the high soil temperature, particularly at cool air temperature. The nearest optimum temperatures were a day/night air temperature of 21°/13° and a soil temperature of 18°. The nearest optimum P rate was 50 kg/ha.

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