Residual HIV-1 Disease in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

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Abstract
Over the past 18 years the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic has evolved, with the disease shifting from a syndrome whose cause was undefined to one in which the etiologic agent of AIDS was isolated and identified, but for which therapeutic options were limited. We are now in a new era characterized by efficient therapeutic agents to combat HIV-1 in many patients. This progress has been based on the development of highly active antiretroviral therapy in which combinations of agents are given that inhibit HIV-1 replication in vivo. Although vaccines are still under development and critical issues such . . .