LOCAL DISPERSAL OF MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) MOTHS DETERMINED BY MARK, RELEASE, AND RECAPTURE

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Abstract
Local dispersal and survival of male spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), moths under field conditions was determined by mark, release, and recapture in pheromone-baited traps. Recapture rates and distance of recapture were dependent upon height of traps and proximity of traps to the release point, but over 65% of those recaptured were caught within 50 m. With traps 20 m apart, 30% of the recaptures were in traps farthest from the release point (50–70 m), a fact which suggests that male spruce budworm may disperse beyond this distance at low densities. Males were recaptured up to 7 days after release, and had a daily survival rate averaging 67%.