Leishmaniasis in the Sudan Republic

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Abstract
Summary Twenty cases of parasitologically proven kalaasar from the Sudan were studied for evidence of parasitemia by meticulous examination of venous blood smears and intraperitoneal hamster inoculation with venous blood. By the technique used, venous blood smears had demonstrable Leishman-Donovan bodies in 35 percent of the cases. Impression smears and cultures of the spleen from hamsters inoculated with venous blood were positive for parasites in 45 percent of the cases. By all methods, 65 percent of the cases showed parasitemia. No association was found between pyrexia and parasites in the blood. There was no correlation between duration of illness or leukocyte count and leishmania demonstrable in the blood. Circulating parasites were found during the day and early evening, but results were too limited to ascertain whether they were present at night or periodically. By the criteria used, those individuals considered to be more heavily parasitized more frequently had parasitemia. In one case, leishmania did not disappear from the blood despite 4 days of treatment with sodium stibogluconate.

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