Determination of the quadrupole moment of nitrogen from the dielectric second virial coefficient

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Abstract
Dielectric virial coefficients of nitrogen have been measured at 323.15 K. By combining the dielectric second virial coefficient with the refractivity second virial coefficient we determined the quadrupole moment of nitrogen to be (1.47±0.07)×10−26 esu cm2. In calculating the molecular quadrupole moment from the dielectric second virial coefficient, effects due to various interaction energy terms were taken into consideration. These energy terms are due to quadrupole–quadrupole interaction, quadrupole‐induced dipole interaction, reaction fields of induced moments and anisotropic effects.