Neurotoxic Mycotoxins: A Review of Fungal Toxins That Cause Neurological Disease in Large Animals

Abstract
Five mycotoxins found in concentrates or roughages have been shown to cause neurologic disease in livestock. Fumonisin B, is produced byFusarium moniliformeand causes leukoencephalomalacia in horses. Swainsonine and slaframine are produced byRhizoctonia leguminicolaand cause mannose accumulation and parasympathomimetic effects, respectively. Lolitrems fromAcremonium loliiand paspalitrems fromClaviceps paspaliare tremorgens found in grasses.