Human Red Cell Acid Phosphatase: Quantitative Evidence of a Silent Gene P°, and a Danish Population Study

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Abstract
In a forensic case of disputed paternity an apparent mother/child incompatibility with respect to red cell acid phosphatase EC 3.1.3.2 was found, the mother appearing as type A and the child as type B. Determination of electrophoretic type and of acid phosphatase activity in 8 of the family members strongly suggested the presence of a silent gene PO in 4 of the individuals. The phosphatase levels in the 4 heterozygotes were about 1/2 the values expected from normal values determined in 100 healthy adults representing the different phenotypes. The distribution of red cell acid phosphatase types in 3735 unrelated Danish adults and in 1109 mother/child pairs is reported; frequencies Pa = 0.369, Pb = 0.566 and Pc = 0.065. The PO gene frequency was roughly estimated as 0.001. Results are reported on the application of the red cell acid phosphatase system to 300 2-men cases of disputed paternity.