Somatic Embryogenesis in Jojoba

Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis was induced from callus derived from immature zygotic embryos (3–4 mm in length optimum) of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis Link) cultured on semisolid basal medium supplemented with 4.5 µM (1 mg/liter) 2,4-D. Somatic embryo initiated from single cells on the periphery of callus passed through typical stages of embryogenesis. Embryogenic-competent calli maintained on a medium containing 0.2 mM (40 mg/liter) sodium bisulfite antioxidant and 4.5 or 9 µm (1 or 2 mg/liter) 2,4-D continued to proliferate somatic embryos, but embryos remained in an arrested state of development until 2,4-D was withdrawn. Chemical names used: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D); N-(phenylmethyl)-lH/-purin-6-amine (BA).

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