Altered reactivity to measles virus. Atypical measles in children previously immunized with inactivated measles virus vaccines

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Abstract
An atypical measles illness occurred in 10 children who had received inactivated (killed) measles virus vaccine 5 to 6 years earlier. The illness is characterized by a 2 to 3-day prodrome of fever and complaints of pain (head, muscle, and abdomen, or both muscle and abdomen) followed by the development of a maculopapular rash with petechial, vesicular, and urticarial components. Peripheral edema and pneumonia occurred in almost all the children. In 3 instances, significant pleural effusions were noted. Serologic determinations established the diagnosis in all 10 children, but measles virus was recovered from none of them.