Earthquake Magnitude Scales

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Abstract
The use and meaning of earthquake magnitude scales are examined. Common misunderstandings regarding local magnitude, surface wave magnitude, and body-wave magnitude, are discussed and clarified. It is shown that no single magnitude will adequately describe the size of an earthquake, and that different geographic regions pose different requirements. Inter-relations between seismic moment and the various types of magnitude are examined. Magnitudes are recommended for equations or curves which specify the strong ground-motion acceleration, velocity, displacement, or response spectra as a function of distance from the earthquake source.

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