NADH fluorescence and oxygen uptake responses of hybridoma cultures to substrate pulse and step changes

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Abstract
A fiber‐optic probe was interfaced to an analytical spectrofluorophotometeru and used to measure NAD(P)H fluorescence of hybridoma cells in a bioreactor. NAD(P)H fluorescence was found to qualitatively represent metabolic state during various induced metabolic transitions. NAD(P)H fluorescence increased immediately following aerobic–anaerobic transitions, and decreased immediately upon transition back to aerobic metabolism. Pulsing of glucose to glucose‐depleted cultures caused NAD(P)H fluorescence to first increase immediately after the pulse, and then decrease gradually before reaching a constant level. Pulsing of glutamine to glutamine‐depleted cultures resulted in a gradual increase in NAD(P)H fluorescence which lagged a simultaneous increase in oxygen uptake. ATP production and oxygen uptake also varied with metabolic state. The decrease in oxidative phosphorylation following transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism was found to be only partially compensated by the concomitant increase in substrate‐level phosphorylation, as shown by decreases of 35–52% in calculated total specific ATP production rates. The specific oxygen uptake rate decreased by 6–38% following glucose pulses of between 0.2 and 0.5 g/L, respectively, and by 50% following glutamine depletion. Subsequent pulsing of glutamine after depletion caused oxygen uptake to increase by 50%.