Genetic studies on chromosome 12 in late-onset Alzheimer disease.

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Abstract
LATE-ONSET Alzheimer disease (AD) shows familial clustering1 but does not show a clear mode of inheritance. The only genetic locus universally accepted as an important risk factor for late-onset AD is the apolipoprotein E (APOE) locus on chromosome 19.2 A proportion of this familial clustering is accounted for by genetic variability at the APOE locus. The APOE ∊4 allele is positively associated with disease and the APOE2 allele is negatively associated with disease.3-6 However, the APOE locus accounts for, at most, about half of the genetic risk of developing the disease.3,7 Thus, other genes or risk factors must account for the remaining genetic risk for developing disease.